CHURCH ORGANS
Andrew Carnegie was always sensitive to the influence of music
and often quoted the Oriental sage—" 0 Music, sacred tongue of God,
I hear thee calling, and I come." To such an extent did organ music
affect him that he has testified that listening to an organ was to
him a devotional experience. He has been perfectly candid in saying
that, while he would not be responsible for what the preacher might
say, he would be responsible for the influence of music in a church.
Accordingly, when some devoutly religious relatives in his earlier
Pittsburgh days pressed him for a large contribution to a church in
which they were interested, he compromised on an organ. Thus was
begun the provision of funds for the purchase of musical instruments
in churches all over the English-speaking world, the aggregate
number of churches receiving help in the purchase of musica]
instruments now numbering 7689, of which 4092 are in the United
States.
Before many organs had been provided by Mr. Carnegie, it appeared
necessary to standardize organ gifts. One effective means was the
adoption of a rule to pay but half the cost of the organ, leaving
the congregation to raise the other half. Standardization
tentatively begun became practicable as data accumulated, and it was
less difficult to arrive at a reasonable price to pay for a musical
instrument for a church of a given size.
Applications received from churches for the purchase of musical
instruments numbered as high as three thousand in one year, from all
the English-speaking world. From churches in the United States and
Canada alone, they numbered as high as 2250 in a year. During the
last twenty years approximately 40,000 applications from churches
for the purchase of musical instruments have been received and dealt
with by Mr. Carnegie and Carnegie Corporation of New York.
When an application from the pastor or trustees of a church was
received, a schedule of questions was sent. The form used, as in the
case of some of the library printed forms, is the sixth revision.
Since it seemed impossible to frame questions which would avoid
ambiguous or evasive answers, a memorandum relating to the questions
was prepared and sent with thorn. This also was revised a number of
times. While the schedule of questions with the memorandum
accompanying them seemed incapable of misinterpretation, frequently
considerable correspondonce was required to elicit precise facts and
figures hearing on the question of whether a subsidy should be given
to the church, and if so, how much the church would be justified in
spending for a musical instrument, the basis of consideration being
the assumption that we were dealing with needy churches which would
naturally he satisfied with modest musical instruments.
As to the general results of Mr. Carnegie’s many benefactions to
churches for the purchase of musical instruments, the following
paragraphs may be quoted from the report of an independent
investigator:
The pastors of the churches visited were questioned
closely as to the effect produced upon the contributions of the
members by a gift as large as that made by the Corporation. The
unanimous declaration was made that it had been a stimulus to
individual giving and in many instances illustrative figures were
presented to show that the benefactions of the church had been
doubled since the installation of the organ. A part of such increase
was usually ascribed to the larger congregations attracted by the
better music.
In no instance was it acknowledged that the gift had
had a pauperizing influence. On the contrary, it was frequently
asserted that the application for assistance had not been made until
the church had made a strenuous effort to buy an organ and had
failed, and then when it was learned that by raising one-half the
required amount the Corporation would contribute an equal sum, new
life was given to church workers. Their success afforded a proof of
their giving potentiality and set a standard which the pastor cited
in all subsequent appeals for contributions.
It was gratifying to receive the assurance in every single
instance that the organ was in use at every service. The only
exception was that in some of the Southern cities where the heat
made it necessary to hold services in the basement during two months
of summer.
The investigator summarized his conclusions as follows:
1. Churches are contributing instrumentalities in the
social and cultural advancement of a community—the aggregate of
communities make the Nation.
2. The efficiency of the services of a church is
augmented by the use of a pipe organ, hence, through the church, the
organ indirectly contributes to the social and cultural advancement
of the community, and
3. Directly, the organ when used in recitals and by
students of music, renders an important cultural
service.